{"id":3009,"date":"2011-10-12T16:02:17","date_gmt":"2011-10-12T08:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/wp\/?p=3009"},"modified":"2011-10-13T19:30:48","modified_gmt":"2011-10-13T11:30:48","slug":"dnssec-%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e3%80%81%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e4%b8%8e%e5%b8%83%e7%bd%b2%e7%ae%80%e4%bb%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=3009","title":{"rendered":"DNSSEC \u539f\u7406\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u5e03\u7f72\u7b80\u4ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Posted on May 16, 2011 by Duan Haixin<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6bb5\u6d77\u65b0\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/p>\n<p>\u6458\u8981\uff1aDNSSEC\u662f\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3DNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6982\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecdDNSSEC\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5728BIND\u4e0a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u5e03\u7f72\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5b89\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>1\u00a0 DNSSEC\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u76ee\u7684<\/h1>\n<p>\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Domain Name System\uff0cDNS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u201cToo simple, Too Naive\u201d\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5148\u9a71\u8005\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u8c61\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u3001\u7eaf\u51c0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u91cc\u8fd0\u884c\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u5f02\u5e38\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u5404\u79cd \u6b3a\u8bc8\u3001\u653b\u51fb\uff0cDNS\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u4e5f\u5c31\u6d6e\u51fa\u6c34\u9762\u3002\u5bf9DNS\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u90fd\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1DNS\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u5e7f\u4e3a\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u5374\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u5373DNS\u7684\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u95ee\u9898\u3002DNS\u5b89\u5168\u6269 \u5c55\uff08DNS Security Extension, \u5373DNSSEC\uff09\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u9014\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecdDNSSEC\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e4b\u524d\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecdDNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u653b\u51fb\u7684 \u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>1.1\u00a0\u00a0 DNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3<\/h2>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u5728\u7528\u57df\u540d\uff08www.example.com\uff09\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Resolver Server\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u9012\u5f52\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Recursive Server\uff09\uff09\u628a\u57df\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u6210IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u8be2\u6839\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08root\uff09\u3001\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08TLD\uff09\u3001 \u6743\u5a01\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Authoritative Name Server\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6700\u7ec8\u83b7\u5f97\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/auto_save_image\/2011\/10\/1130462sZ.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/auto_save_image\/2011\/10\/1130462sZ.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"678\" height=\"295\" \/><\/a>\u56fe1 DNS\u57df\u540d\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u653b\u51fb<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42(1,2,3,4)\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u5192\u5e94\u7b54\u65b9\uff08\u6839\u3001\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u3001\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u3001\u6216\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u7ed9\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f2a\u9020\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b \u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6216\u8005\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f88\u50bb\u3001\u5f88\u5929\u771f\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u4f2a\u9020\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b63\u5e38\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f2a\u9020\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9 \u4e0a\u53bb\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u7684DNS\u89e3\u6790\u4f7f\u7528UDP\u534f\u8bae\u800c\u4e0d\u662fTCP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f2a\u9020DNS\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u542c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb \u5c31\u6613\u5982\u53cd\u638c\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u52a0\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eDNS\u7f13\u5b58\uff08Cache\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u5929\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7528 \u6237\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u6839\u636e[1]\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u4e86\uff0c\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5f88\u591a \u56f0\u96be\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9ed1\u5ba2\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u53bb\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u52a8\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>1.2\u00a0\u00a0 DNSSEC\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u653b\u51fb\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662fDNS \u89e3\u6790\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b83\u6240\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\uff0c\u800cDNSSEC\u7ed9\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u4e0a\u5f53\u53d7\u9a97\u7684\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7b54\u4fe1\u606f\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002 \u5229\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b83\u6240\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u57df\u540d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\uff09\u662f\u5426\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ece\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4DNSSEC\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ece1997\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5173DNSSEC\u7684\u6807\u51c6RFC 2065 [2] \u53d1\u5e03\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u7ecf\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e24\u5e74\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u30021999\u5e74IETF\u5bf9DNSSEC\u6807\u51c6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4fee\u8ba2RFC 2535[3]\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u6b21\u4fee\u8ba2\u662f\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u3002\u76f4\u52302005\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u7684DNSSEC\u6807\u51c6\u624d\u5236\u5b9a\u51fa\u6765\uff08RFC 4033-4035\uff09[4][5][6]\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff08\u5982BIND \uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7248\u672c\u30022008\u5e74\uff0cIETF\u53c8\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aNSEC3\uff08RFC5155\uff09[7]\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8DNSSEC\u9690\u79c1\u4fdd\u62a4\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u968f\u7740DNSSEC\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u4fee\u8ba2\uff0cDNSSEC\u6807\u51c6\u4ecd\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1DNSSEC\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u6b64\uff08\u5373\u4e0d\u4fdd\u62a4DNS\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0cDNSSEC\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5e03\u7f72\u5bf9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u63d0\u9ad8\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u628aDNS\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u94a5\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff08PKI\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u6240\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684DNSSEC\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8eRFC 4033-4035\uff0c\u5173\u4e8eDNS\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u6280\u672f\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003[8]\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf \uff08BIND\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6700\u540eDNSSEC\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u5e03\u7f72\u60c5\u51b5\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>2\u00a0 DNSSEC\u539f\u7406<\/h1>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bf4\uff0cDNSSEC\u4f9d\u9760\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u4fdd\u8bc1DNS\u5e94\u7b54\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Resource Record, RR\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u6743\u5a01\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5047\u5192\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u7be1 \u6539\u4e86\u3002 RFC 4033\u6982\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86DNSSEC\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4ecb\u7ecdDNSSEC\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406 \u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u56fe2\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08RFC4033\u4e2dSecurity-Aware Resolver\uff09\u5411\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Security-Aware Name Server\uff09\u8bf7\u6c42\u57df\u540dwww.test.net.\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u9664\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684A\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u5305\u542bIPv4\u5730\u5740\uff09\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u7684RRSIG\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b test.net\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7528test.net.\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5bc6\u94a5\u6765\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u5411test.net \u7684\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u5373\u540d\u4e3atest.net\u7684DNSKEY\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0a\u8ff0 www.test.net. \u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u4e0e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/auto_save_image\/2011\/10\/1130480jJ.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/auto_save_image\/2011\/10\/1130480jJ.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"612\" height=\"312\" \/><\/a>\u56fe2 DNSSEC\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b83\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684test.net.\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08DNSKEY\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5047\u5192\u7684\u5462\uff1f \u5c3d\u7ba1test.net.\u5728\u8fd4\u56deDNSKEY\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u94a5\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff08\u540d\u4e3atest.net\u7684RRSIG\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6 \u4f2a\u9020\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u800c\u4e0d\u88ab\u89e3\u6790\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c61\u57fa\u4e8eX509\u7684PKI\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e00\u6837\uff0cDNSSEC\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u516c\u94a5\uff08\u6216\u516c\u94a5\u7684\u6563\u5217\u503c\uff09\uff0c\u5728RFC 4033\u4e2d\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u521d\u59cb\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\u6216\u6563\u5217\u503c\u4e3a\u201c\u4fe1\u4efb\u951a\uff08Trust anchors\uff09\u201d\u3002\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u6563\u5217\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u94a5\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff08DNSSEC \u5168\u90e8\u5e03\u7f72\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u6839\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684DNSKEY\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u5e76\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efbtest.net.\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230test.net.\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668net.\u90a3\u91cc\u67e5\u8be2test.net.\u7684DS\uff08Delegation Signer\uff0c \u5373DS RR\uff09\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0cDS RR\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662ftest.net. \u516c\u94a5\u7684\u6563\u5217\u503c\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u7528SHA-1\u7b97\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684160\u6bd4\u7279\u6570\u636e\u768416\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\uff09\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u624b\u5de5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86.net\u7684\u516c\u94a5\uff08\u5373Trust Anchor\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1test.net.\u516c\u94a5\uff08DNSKEY\uff09\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4e0e\u5426\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2.1\u00a0\u00a0 DNSSEC\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0cDNSSEC\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u56db\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a RRSIG\uff08Resource Record Signature\uff09\u3001DNSKEY(DNS Public Key)\u3001DS(Delegation Signer)\u3001NSEC(Next Secure)\u3002\u524d\u4e09\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\uff0cNSEC\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u53c2\u89c1RFC 4034\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u6982\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.1.1 \u00a0DNSKEY\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>DNSKEY\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aDNSKEY\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>example.com. 86400 \u00a0IN \u00a0DNSKEY \u00a0256 \u00a03 \u00a05\u00a0 ( AQPSKmy\u2026.. aNvv4w==\u00a0 )<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d256\u662f\u6807\u5fd7\uff08flag\uff09\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a16\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b2c7\u4f4d\uff08\u5de6\u8d77\u4e3a\u7b2c0\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u533a\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08Zone Key\uff09\u6807\u5fd7, \u8bb0\u4e3aZK\uff09\u4e3a1\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u8be5\u5bc6\u94a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7b7e\u540d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff08example.com.\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u533a\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u7b2c15\u4f4d\u79f0\u4e3a \u5b89\u5168\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\uff08Security Entry Point\uff0cSEP\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5c06\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u201c3\u201d\u662f\u534f\u8bae\uff08protocol\uff09\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f3\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aDNSKEY\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u4ee5\u524d\u7248\u672cDNSSEC\u517c\u5bb9\u800c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8eDNSSEC\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u201c5\u201d\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08Algorithm\uff09\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6\u7b7e\u540d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a1\uff1aRSA\/MD5; 3\uff1aDSA\/SHA-1; 5 RSA\/SHA-1;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08Public Key\uff09\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\u914d\u5408\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u533a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fZone-Signing Key(ZSK)\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fKey-Signing Key(KSK)\u3002ZSK\u7528\u4e8e\u7b7e\u540d\u533a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800cKSK\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9ZSK\u8fdb\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u7528KSK\u5bc6\u94a5\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u88ab\u7834\u89e3\uff08\u5373\u627e\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\uff09\u6982\u7387\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u6563\u5217\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3aDS\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u800c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u4e0a\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5bc6\u94a5\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09ZSK\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7834\u89e3\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u5e94\u8be5\u5c0f\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86KSK\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0cZSK\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5fc5\u653e\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0ZSK\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u592a\u5927\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5f00\u9500\uff08\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u548c\u4e0a\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.1.2 RRSIG\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>RRSIG\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u96c6\u5408\uff08RRSets\uff09\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2aA\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b7e\u540d\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684RRSIG\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>host.example.com. 86400 IN RRSIG\u00a0 A\u00a0 5\u00a0 3\u00a0 86400 20030322173103 (<\/p>\n<p>20030220173103\u00a0 2642\u00a0 example.com.<\/p>\n<p>oJB1W6WNGv+ldvQ3WDG0MQkg5IEhjRip8WTr<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>J5D6fwFm8nN+6pBzeDQfsS3Ap3o= )<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u201cA\u201d\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u5404\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7c7b\u578b\u8986\u76d6\uff08The Type Covered Field\uff09\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b7e\u540d\u8986\u76d6\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u662fA\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u540cDNSKEY\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1b\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d5\u8868\u793aRSA\/SHA-1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u91cf\uff08The Labels Field\uff09\uff1a\u88ab\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u57df\u540d\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff08host.example.com.\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a3\uff0c*.example.com.\u4e3a2\uff0c\u201c.\u201d\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u522b\u662f\u88ab\u7b7e\u540d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684TTL\u3001\u6709\u6548\u671f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff082642\uff09\u662f\u5bc6\u94a5\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Key Tag\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u516c\u94a5\u6570\u636e\u7b80\u5355\u53e0\u52a0\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a16\u6bd4\u7279\u6574\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\u65f6\uff08\u5982\u4e00\u4e2aKSK\u3001\u4e00\u4e2aZSK\uff09\uff0cKey Tag\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u8005\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08example.com.\uff09\u5171\u540c\u786e\u5b9a\u7a76\u7adf\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u516c\u94a5\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.1.3 \u00a0DS\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>DS\uff08Delegation Signer\uff09\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8DNSKEY\u7684\u6563\u5217\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1DNSKEY\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u8c61DNSKEY\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6743 \u5a01\u57df\u7684\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0cDS\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0a\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Delegation\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982example.com\u7684DS RR\u5b58\u50a8\u5728.com\u7684\u533a\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aDS\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>dskey.example.com. 86400 IN DS 60485 5 1 ( 2BB183AF5F22588179A53B0A98631FAD1A292118 )<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>DS \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f\u5bc6\u94a5\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Key Tag\uff09\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u548c\u6563\u5217\u7b97\u6cd5\uff081\u4ee3\u8868 SHA-1\uff09\u3002\u540e\u9762\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662fdskey.example.com.\u5bc6\u94a5SHA-1\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u768416\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u3002Example.com\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570 \u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc1\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e2aDNSKEY\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.1.4 \u00a0NSEC\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>NSEC\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u7b54\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u79c1\u6709\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u662f\u4e8b\u5148\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u79bb\u7ebf\uff09\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u670d\u52a1 \u5668\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u5148\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u653e\uff08Replay\uff09\uff1b\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u751f\u6210\u72ec\u7acb \u7684\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u4f1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u600e\u6837\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u533a\u6570\u636e\u7b7e\u540d\u65f6\uff0cNSEC\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728vpn.test.net\u548cxyz.test.net\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f1a\u63d2\u5165\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u6837\u4e24\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>vpn.test.net.\u00a0\u00a0 10800\u00a0\u00a0 IN A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0192.168.1.100<\/p>\n<p>172800\u00a0 NSEC\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 xyz.test.net. A RRSIG NSEC<\/p>\n<p>172800\u00a0 RRSIG\u00a0\u00a0 NSEC 5 5 172800 20110611031416 (<\/p>\n<p>20110512031416 5271 test.net.<\/p>\n<p>Ujw\/aq\u2026.15dV5tF7XgWSR78= )<\/p>\n<p>xyz.test.net.\u00a0 10800\u00a0\u00a0 IN A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 192.168.1.200<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dNSEC\u8bb0\u5f55\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u9879\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff08xyz.test.net.\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53cavpn.test.net.\u8fd9\u4e00\u540d\u79f0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\uff08A\u3001RRSIG\u3001NSEC\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684RRSIG\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2aNSEC\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u5728vpn\u548cxyz\u4e4b\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5982www.test.net.\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u57df\u540d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u62ec vpn.test.net\u7684NSEC\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2.2\u00a0\u00a0 DNSSEC\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709DNS\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/h2>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u589eDNS\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\u7684\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u652f\u6301EDNS0\uff08RFC2671\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5141\u8bb8DNS\u62a5\u6587\u5927\u5c0f\u5fc5\u987b\u8fbe\u52301220\u5b57\u8282\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u521d\u7684512\u5b57\u8282\uff09\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f4096\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DNSSEC\u5728\u62a5\u6587\u5934\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09DO\uff08DNSSEC OK, \u53c2\u89c1RFC3225\uff09\uff1a\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u5b83\u7684DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u628aDO\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7f6e1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8ba4\u4e3a\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56deRRSIG\u7b49\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09AD \uff08Authentic Data\uff09\uff1aAD\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86DNSSEC\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u7f6eAD\u4f4d\u4e3a1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e3a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u505a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5668 \uff08non-validating security-aware resolvers\uff09\u548c\u5b83\u6240\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08security-aware recursive name server\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u53bb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed9\u5b83\u4e00\u4e2aAD\u6807\u5fd7\u4e3a1\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u63a5\u53d7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a \u4fe1\u94fe\u8def\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u624d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86IPSEC\u548cTSIG[]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09CD \uff08Checking Disabled\uff09\uff1a \u5173\u95ed\u68c0\u67e5\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\u9a8c\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff08validating security-aware resolver\uff09\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u628aCD\u4f4d\u7f6e1\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u800c\u628a\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u7531\u89e3 \u6790\u5668\u81ea\u5df1\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684DNSSEC \u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5bf9\u5b83\u6240\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\uff08RRSIG\uff09\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u533a\u5206\u533a\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff08secure\uff09\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5efa\u7acb\u5230\u8fbe\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b7e\u540d\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff08insecure\uff09\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u8fbe\u7b7e\u540d\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u4f2a\u9020\u7684\uff08Bogus\uff09\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5230\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b7e\u540d\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7b7e\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff08Indeterminate\uff09\uff1a\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u8db3\u591f\u7684DNSSEC \u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u6240\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>3\u00a0 DNSSEC\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/h1>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1DNSSEC\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8ba9\u4eba\u6c14\u9981\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\u3002\u672c\u8282\u4ee5BIND 9\u4e3a\u4f8b\u4ecb\u7ecdDNSSEC\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1BIND 9.3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u7684BIND\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f9.8\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u5e03\u7f72DNSSEC\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Resolver\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u88abDNS \u6b3a\u9a97\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Name Server\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u88ab\u57df\u540d\u6b3a\u9a97\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>3.1\u00a0\u00a0 \u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1.1 \u6fc0\u6d3bDNSSEC<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728BIND\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\/etc\/named.conf\uff09\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00DNSSEC\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>options {<\/p>\n<p>directory \u201c\/var\/named\u201d;<\/p>\n<p>dnssec-validation yes;<\/p>\n<p>\u2026.<\/p>\n<p>};<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>3.1.2 \u914d\u7f6eTrust anchor<\/h3>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u8981\u7ed9\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4fe1\u951a\uff08Trust Anchors\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u6240\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u7684DNSKEY\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524dDNSSEC\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u5e03\u7f72\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211 \u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u5f88\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u5c9b\uff08Secure Island\uff09\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u4fe1\u57df\u7684DNSKEY\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09Root Zone DNSSEC Trust Anchors\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.iana.org\/dnssec\/\u30022010\u5e747\u6708\u5e03\u7f72\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u5982\u679cDNSSEC\u5168\u90e8\u5e03\u7f72\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09The UCLA secspider \uff1a https:\/\/secspider.cs.ucla.edu\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\uff08UCLA\uff09\u5f20\u4e3d\u971e\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09The IKS Jena TAR\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.iks-jena.de\/leistungen\/dnssec.php<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u6982\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>trusted-keys {<\/p>\n<p>\u201ctest.net.\u201d \u00a0256 3 5\u00a0 \u201cAQPzzTWMz8qS\u20263mbz7Fh<\/p>\n<p>\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u2026.fHm9bHzMG1UBYtEIQ==\u201d;<\/p>\n<p>\u201c193.in-addr.arpa.\u201d 257 3 5 \u201cAwEAAc2Rn\u2026HlCKscYl<\/p>\n<p>kf2kOcq9xCmZv\u2026.XXPN8E=\u201d;<\/p>\n<p>};<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0a\u8ff0trust anchors\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\/var\/named\/trust-anchors.conf\uff0c\u5219\u5728\/etc\/named.conf\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>include \u201c\/var\/named\/sec-trust-anchors.conf\u201d;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>3.1.3 \u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8named\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2atrust anchor\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u7684\u533a\u6216\u8005\u5b83\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7528dig\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>#dig @127.0.0.1 +dnssec\u00a0 \u00a0test.net.\u00a0 SOA<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd4\u56detest.net\u7684SOA\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684RRSIG\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u4e2d\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542bAD\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u8868\u793aDNSSEC\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>;; -&gt;&gt;HEADER&lt;&lt;- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1397<\/p>\n<p>;; flags: qr rd ra <strong>ad<\/strong>; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 3<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770bDNS\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6765\u627e\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002BIND\u4e3aDNSSEC\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2adnssec\u7c7b\u522b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\/etc\/named.conf\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>logging {<\/p>\n<p>channel dnssec_log {<\/p>\n<p>file \u201clog\/dnssec\u201d size 20m;\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ a DNSSEC log channel 20m;<\/p>\n<p>print-time yes; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ timestamp the entries<\/p>\n<p>print-category yes; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ add category name to entries<\/p>\n<p>print-severity yes; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ add severity level to entries<\/p>\n<p>severity debug 3;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ print debug message &lt;= 3 t<\/p>\n<p>};<\/p>\n<p>};<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>category dnssec { dnssec_log; };<\/p>\n<h2>3.2\u00a0\u00a0 \u914d\u7f6e\u6743\u5a01\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<h3>3.2.1 \u751f\u6210\u7b7e\u540d\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u533a\uff08zone\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u7b7e\u540d\u5bc6\u94a5KSK\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p># cd \/var\/named<\/p>\n<p># dnssec-keygen -f KSK -a RSASHA1 -b 512 -n ZONE test.net.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>Ktest.edu.+005+15480<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u751f\u6210\u533a\u7b7e\u540d\u5bc6\u94a5ZSK\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p># dnssec-keygen -a RSASHA1 -b 512 -n ZONE test.net.<\/p>\n<p>Ktest.edu.+005+03674<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u7684-a \u53c2\u6570\u662f\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c-b\u662f\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5171\u4ea7\u751f\u4e24\u5bf9DNSKEY\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08\u5171\u56db\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee5.key\u548c.private\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\u6216\u79c1\u6709\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.2.2 \u7b7e\u540d<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b7e\u540d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2aDNSKEY\u5199\u5165\u5230\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>#cat \u201c$INCLUDE Ktest.net.+005+15480.key\u201d &gt;&gt; db.test.net<\/p>\n<p># cat \u201c$INCLUDE Ktest.net.+005+03674.key\u201d &gt;&gt; db.test.net<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p># dnssec-signzone -o test.net. db.test.net<\/p>\n<p>db.test.net.signed<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684-o\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u4ee3\u7b7e\u540d\u533a\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u751f\u6210\u7684db.test.net.signed<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/named.conf\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>options\u00a0 {<\/p>\n<p>directory \u201c\/var\/named\u201d;<\/p>\n<p>dnssec-enable yes;<\/p>\n<p>};<\/p>\n<p>zone \u201ctest.net\u201d {<\/p>\n<p>type master;<\/p>\n<p>file \u201cdb.test.net.signed\u201d;<\/p>\n<p>};<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u4f60\u6bcf\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7b7e\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p># dnssec-signzone -o test.net -f db.test.net.signed.new db.test.net.signed<\/p>\n<p># mv db.test.net.signed db.test.net.signed.bak<\/p>\n<p># mv db.test.net.signed.new db.test.net.signed<\/p>\n<p># rndc reload test.net<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>3.2.3 \u53d1\u5e03\u516c\u94a5<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u83b7\u5f97\u4f60\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002DNSSEC\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b7e\u53d1\u4f60\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528dnssec-signzone\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210keyset-\u6587\u4ef6\u548cdsset-\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5b58\u50a8\u7740KSK\u7684DNSKEY\u8bb0\u5f55\u548cDS\u8bb0 \u5f55\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3atest.net\u533a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9.net\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c.net\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u589e\u52a0\u5230.net\u533a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7528.net \u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u91cd\u65b0\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>test.net.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 86400\u00a0\u00a0 IN NS\u00a0\u00a0 ns.test.net.<\/p>\n<p>86400\u00a0\u00a0 DS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 15480 5 1 (<\/p>\n<p>F340F3A05DB4D081B6D3D749F300636DCE3D<\/p>\n<p>6C17 )<\/p>\n<p>86400\u00a0\u00a0 RRSIG\u00a0\u00a0 DS 5 2 86400 20060219234934 (<\/p>\n<p>20060120234934 23912\u00a0\u00a0 net.<\/p>\n<p>Nw4xLOhtFoP0cE6ECIC8GgpJKtGWstzk0uH6<\/p>\n<p>\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>YWInWvWx12IiPKfkVU3F0EbosBA= )<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u914d\u7f6eDNSSEC\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53e6\u627e\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e86\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u628a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u516c\u5f00\u7684trust anchor\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u53d1\u5e03(\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u7684secspider)\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u613f\u610f\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684trust anchor\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>4 DNSSEC\u7684\u5e03\u7f72<\/h1>\n<p>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3aDNSSEC\u662f\u589e\u5f3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5b89\u5168\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u571f\u5b89\u5168\u90e8\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86DNSSEC\u5e03\u7f72\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4 \u56fd\u5bb6\u6218\u7565\u5b89\u5168\u660e\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u5e03\u7f72DNSSEC\u3002DNSSEC\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e03\u7f72\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u754c\u8ba4\u4e3aDNSSEC\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5e03\u7f72\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u8c28\u614e\u3002\u5df4\u897f (.br)\u3001\u4fdd\u52a0\u5229\u4e9a (.bg)\u3001\u6377\u514b (.cz)\u3001\u6ce2\u591a\u9ece\u5404 (.pr) \u548c\u745e\u5178 (.se), \u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u4e0a\u5e03\u7f72DNSSEC\uff0cIANA\u57282007\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u673a\u6784\u5728DNSSEC\u7684\u5e03\u7f72\u4e0a\u4ed8\u51fa \u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1[9]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728ICANN\u548cVeriSign\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c2010\u5e747\u6708\u6240\u670913\u4e2a\u6839\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u7528\u5bf9\u6839\u57df\u7b7e\u540d\u5b8c\u6bd5\u4e14\u6295\u5165\u8fd0\u8425[10]\u3002\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\uff08\u5982.org, .net\u7b49\uff09\u4e5f\u5728\u8ba1\u5212\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982.cz\u3001.jp\u3001.us\u3001.fr\u7b49\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u7684ISP\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5e03\u7f72\u652f\u6301DNSSEC\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eec\u63a5\u5165\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fdComcast \u516c\u53f8\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>5\u00a0 \u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b<\/h1>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u6982\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86DNSSEC\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u539f\u7406\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5e03\u7f72\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u548c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u7cbe\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u5c55\u5f00\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c \u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u540e\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5982\u679cDNSSEC\u80fd\u591f\u666e\u904d\u5e03\u7f72\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86DNSSEC\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u628aDNS\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bc6\u94a5\u5206\u53d1\u7684PKI\u5728 \u5f88\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u5408\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3aDNS\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u8fd8\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u901a\u4fe1\u3001IPv6\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883 \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u79bb\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u8def\u8981\u8d70\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762DNSSEC\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u8fd8\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8981\u60f3\u5229\u7528DNSSEC\u7684\u673a\u5236\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cDNSSEC\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u906d\u9047\u653f\u7b56\u6027\u7684\u963b\u788d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aDNS\u5bf9\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\uff1b\u5982\u679cDNSSEC\u662f\u901a\u5f80\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u5fc5\u7531\u4e4b\u8def\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3DNSSEC\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u6240\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u522b\u65e0\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>6\u00a0\u00a0 \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h1>\n<p>[1] Graham Lowe, Patrick Winters, Michael L. Marcus. The Great DNS Wall of China\uff0c December 21, 2007.\u00a0 http:\/\/cs.nyu.edu\/~pcw216\/work\/nds\/final.pdf<\/p>\n<p>[2] RFC 2065,Domain Name System Security Extensions, 1997.http:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc2065.txt<\/p>\n<p>[3] RFC 2535,Domain Name System Security Extensions,1999,http:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc2535.txt<\/p>\n<p>[4] RFC 4033, DNS Security Introduction and Requirements,2005, http:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc4033.txt<\/p>\n<p>[5] RFC4034,Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions,2005,http:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc4034.txt<\/p>\n<p>[6] RFC4035,Protocol Modifications for the DNS Security Extensions,2005,http:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc4035.txt<\/p>\n<p>[7] RFC5155,DNS Security (DNSSEC) Hashed Authenticated Denial of Existence,2008,http:\/\/www.ietf.org\/rfc\/rfc5155.txt<\/p>\n<p>[8] Paul Albitz, Cricket Liu, DNS and BIND 5th Edition, O\u2019Reilly Publication, 2008<\/p>\n<p>[9] Wikipedia, Domain Name System Security Extensions, http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Domain_Name_System_Security_Extensions<\/p>\n<p>[10] Root DNSSEC update, 2010, http:\/\/www.root-dnssec.org\/2010\/07\/16\/status-update-2010-07-16\/<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Posted on May 16, 2011 by Duan Haixin \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6bb5\u6d77\u65b0\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u7a0b <a href='https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=3009' class='excerpt-more'>[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3508],"tags":[1289,3059,3507,3375,376],"class_list":{"0":"post-3009","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"hentry","6":"category-dnssec-and-dns-","7":"tag-dns","8":"tag-dnssec","10":"tag-3375","11":"tag-376","12":"category-3508-id","13":"post-seq-1","14":"post-parity-odd","15":"meta-position-corners","16":"fix"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3009"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3009\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3053,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3009\/revisions\/3053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}