{"id":4378,"date":"2014-12-03T14:13:14","date_gmt":"2014-12-03T06:13:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=4378"},"modified":"2014-12-03T14:13:14","modified_gmt":"2014-12-03T06:13:14","slug":"ssltls%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=4378","title":{"rendered":"SSL\/TLS\u90e8\u7f72\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"

Shawn the R0ck<\/a> \u5199\u9053”SSL\/TLS\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u591a\u5e74\u5f53\u4e2d\u90fd\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u626e\u6f14\u8005\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u5ffd\u89c6\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u4eceBEAST<\/a>\/CRIME<\/a>\u5230Lucky-13<\/a>\u548cheartbleed<\/a>\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u9762Snowden\u54e5\u54e5\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/a>\u4e5f\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u7ec8\u4e8e\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86EFF\u57282011\u5e74\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f3a\u8c03<\/a>\u7684TLS v1.2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027…\u56de\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u624b\u6bb5\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002Qualys\u7684SSL Labs\u57282013\u5e74\u4e3a\u793e\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u624b\u518c\u300aSSL\/TLS\u90e8\u7f72\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/a>\u300b\uff08\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u6216\u8bb8\u4f1a\u7701\u6389\u4f60\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u3002”
\n
\n\u539f\u6587\uff1a
\nhttps:\/\/www.ssllabs.com\/downloads\/SSL_TLS_Deployment_Best_Practices_1.3.pdf<\/p>\n

\u8bd1\u8005: Shawn the R0ck\uff0c(\u540e\u9762\u6821\u6b63\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u52a0\u5230\u540e\u9762)<\/p>\n

SSL\/TLS\u90e8\u7f72\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5
\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aIvan Risti\u0107
\nversion 1.3 (17 September 2013)
\nCopyright \u00a9 2012-2013 Qualys SSL Labs<\/p>\n

\u62bd\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n

SSL\/TLS\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u8ba9\u5979\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u662f…\u5979\u771f\u7684\u8dd1
\n\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u5417\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u771f\u7684—SSL\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u90e8\u7f72—\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u90e8
\n\u7f72\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1SSL\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u6295\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u53bb\u914d\u7f6e\u5979\u3002<\/p>\n

2009\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728SSL Labs( https:\/\/www.ssllabs.com\/)\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211
\n\u4eec\u60f3\u660e\u767dSSL\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5728\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u6253\u7b97\u5f25\u8865SSL\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6613\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6587\u6863
\n\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5bf9SSL\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5728\u7ebf\u68c0\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u6587
\n\u6863\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u6587\u6863\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u582a\u8d1f\u91cd\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u82b1\u8d39\u5c11\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u80fd\u5b8c
\n\u6210\u5b89\u5168\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u5907\uff0c\u56e0
\n\u4e3a\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u7528\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b
\nSection 6\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u79c1\u94a5\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66<\/p>\n

SSL\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8d28\u91cf\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u79c1\u94a5\uff0c\u79c1\u94a5\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u800c\u5b89\u5168\u8bc1\u4e66\u5219\u662f\u9a8c
\n\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1 \u4f7f\u75282048\u4f4d\u7684\u79c1\u94a5<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u75282048\u4f4d\u7684RSA\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684ECDSA\u79c1\u94a5\u3002\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u80fd
\n\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u80fd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u75281024\u4f4d\u7684RSA\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u66ff\u6362\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60
\n\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u4e8e2048\u4f4d\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651ECDSA\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u4fdd\u62a4\u79c1\u94a5<\/p>\n

\u79c1\u94a5\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u80fd\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u79c1\u94a5\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

* \u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a(Shawn\u6ce8:\u52a0\u56fa\u8fc7\u7684\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5668)\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\u79c1\u94a5\u548cCSR(
\n Certificate Signing Requests)\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e9bCA\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f60\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u548cCSR\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u505a
\n \u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u59a5\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u53d7\u5bc6\u7801\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u5728\u5907\u4efd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u88ab\u622a\u83b7<\/p>\n

* \u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u88ab”\u65e5”\u540e\uff0c\u64a4\u56de\u8001\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u6bcf\u5e74\u66f4\u65b0\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3 \u786e\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/p>\n

\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u8986\u76d6\u5230\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u7ad9\u662fwww.example.com\uff0c\u4f46
\n\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2awww.example.net\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u6548\u8bc1\u4e66\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60
\n\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ea7\u751f\u7591\u60d1\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u8def\u5f84
\n\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f60\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66\u80fd
\n\u5728\u6ca1\u6709www\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c(\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cexample.com\u548cwww.example.com)\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc
\n\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684WEB\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6240\u6709DNS\u540d\u79f0\u89e3\u6790\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u8bc1\u4e66( WIldcard certificates)\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0
\n\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bdd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d8a\u5c11\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u79c1\u94a5\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n

1.4 \u4ece\u9760\u8c31\u7684CA\u90a3\u91cc\u83b7\u5f97\u8bc1\u4e66<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5f85\u5b89\u5168\u6bd4\u8f83\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u9760CA( Certificate Authority)\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u62e9CA\u8fc7\u7a0b
\n\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n

* \u5bf9\u5f85\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6001\u5ea6<\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u7684CA\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f1a\u66f4\u5728\u610f\u5b89\u5168\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5bf9
\n \u5f85\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u770b\u770b\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u9762
\n \u7684\u5386\u53f2\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u6025\u88ab\u201c\u65e5\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u9519\u8bef\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5360\u6709\u7387<\/p>\n

* \u4e1a\u52a1\u91cd\u5fc3<\/p>\n

* \u63d0\u4f9b\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6700\u5e95\u7ebf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u7684CA\u81f3\u5c11\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u4f9bCRL( Certificate List)\u548cOCSP(
\n Online Certificate Status Protocol)\u64a4\u56de\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e8eOCSP\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002
\n CA\u81f3\u5c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u57df\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u8bc1\u4e66\u9a8c\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u62e9\u516c
\n \u94a5\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5927\u591a\u7ad9\u70b9\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528RSA\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u672a\u6765ECDSA\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u52bf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u8bc1\u4e66\u7ba1\u7406\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u73af\u5883\u662f\u9700\u8981<\/p>\n

* \u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u9519\u7684CA\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546<\/p>\n

2. \u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u786e\u7684SSL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u4f1a\u4fe1\u4efb\u4f60\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1 \u90e8\u7f72\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u90e8\u7f72\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bc1\u4e66\u663e\u5f97\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u4e2a\u8bc1\u4e66\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1
\n\u4efb\u94fe\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bc1\u4e66\u4f46\u5374\u641e\u5fd8\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684
\n\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc1\u4e66\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u4eec\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5979\u4eec\u8fc7
\n\u671f\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u6761\u3002\u4f60\u7684CA\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u989d\u5916\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6548\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bc1\u4e66\u5931\u6548\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u62a5\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u65f6\u5019
\n\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e9b\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u91cd\u6784\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\u800c\u6709\u4e9b
\n\u5219\u4e0d\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

2.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n

\u5728SSL\/TLS\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e2d\u67095\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\uff1aS SLv2, SSL v3, TLS v1.0, TLS v1.1, TLS v1.2\u3002
\n( Shawn\u6ce8: TLS v1.3\u8fd8\u5728draft\u9636\u6bb5)<\/p>\n

* SSL v2\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u575a\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u3002( Shawn\u6ce8: OpenSSL\u548cGnuTLS\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c
\n (2014.12.2)\u4e0d\u652f\u6301SSL v2)<\/p>\n

* SSL v3\u8001\u800c\u4e14\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bc6\u94a5\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u5979\u9664\u975e\u6709\u7279\u522b\u597d\u7684\u7406
\n \u7531\u3002( Shawn\u6ce8: POODLE\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5e9f\u6389\u4e86SSLv3\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u652f\u6301
\n SSLv3\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0cGnuTLS 3.4\u4e2d\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u652f\u6301SSLv3)<\/p>\n

* TLS v1.0\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6ca1\u6709\u66dd\u5149\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n

* TLS v1.1\u548cTLS v1.2\u6ca1\u6709\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u66dd\u5149\u3002( Shawn\u6ce8: \u7531\u4e8eEdward
\n Snowden\u66dd\u5149\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u5173\u4e8eNSA\u201c\u4eca\u5929\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u660e\u5929\u89e3\u5bc6”\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u81ea\u7531
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6\u793e\u533a\u548c\u6697\u7f51\u4f7f\u8005\u4eec\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5e74\u4e2d\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86TLS v1.2\u7684PFS)<\/p>\n

TLS v1.2\u5e94\u8be5\u6210\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u6709\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7248\u672c
\n\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0d\u652f\u6301TLS v1.2\uff0c\u505a\u4e2a\u5347\u7ea7\u8ba1\u5212\u5427\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684
\n\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u4e0d\u652f\u6301TLS v1.2\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u5347\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u8001\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u652f\u6301TLS v1.0\u548cTLS v1.1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u89e3
\n\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591aWEB\u7ad9\u70b9\u4f9d\u7136\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3 \u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684Ciphersuites( Shawn\u6ce8\uff1a\u771fTM\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u7ffb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u5bc6\u7801\u5957\u88c5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0cHMAC\u7b49\u7684\u7ec4\u5408)<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5f97\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f60\u662f\u5728\u548c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5bf9\u7aef\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5728SSL\/TLS\u91cc\uff0c
\nciphersuites\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u3002\u5979\u4eec\u7531\u4e00\u5806\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5176
\n\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5207\u6362\u5200\u5176\u4ed6\u7684ciphersuites\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c128\u4f4d\u52a0\u5bc6\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684ciphersuites\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u6389\uff1a<\/p>\n

* Anonymous Diffie-Hellman( ADH)\u5957\u88c5\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba4\u8bc1
\n* NULL ciphersuites\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a0\u5bc6
\n* \u51fa\u53e3\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u5957\u88c5( Export key exchange suites)\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u201d\u65e5\u201c\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1
\n* \u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0d\u591f\u7684ciphersuites(\u6bd4\u598240\u6216\u800556\u4f4d\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5f3a\u5ea6)\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u201d\u65e5\u201c
\n* RC4\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u8981\u5f31\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u53bb\u9664\u6389\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u672a\u6765\u53bb\u6389
\n* 3DES\u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b108\u4f4d\u7684\u5b89\u5168(\u6216\u8005112\u4f4d\uff0c\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5)\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f4e\u4e8e\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6700\u4f4e128\u4f4d\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u672a\u6765\u53bb\u9664\u5979\u3002<\/p>\n

2.4 \u63a7\u5236Ciphersuite\u9009\u578b<\/p>\n

\u5728SSL v3\u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7248\u672c\u91cc\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u5979\u652f\u6301\u7684ciphersuites\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u670d\u52a1
\n\u5668\u5c31\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u8ddf\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u505a\u534f\u5546\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a
\n\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u652f\u6301\u7684ciphersuite\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e
\n\u7684ciphersuites\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u6781\u7aef\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

2.5 \u652f\u6301Forward Secrecy<\/p>\n

Forward Secrecy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5979\u80fd\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79c1\u94a5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002
\n\u4e0d\u652f\u6301Forward Secrecy\u7684ciphersuites\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5979\u53ef
\n\u4ee5\u5728\u83b7\u5f97\u79c1\u94a5\u540e\u518d\u89e3\u5bc6\u51fa\u6765( Shawn\u6ce8: NSA\u5c31\u5728\u5e72\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u770b\u51faPFS\u6709\u591a\u91cd
\n\u8981\u4e86\u5427)\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u652f\u6301ECDHE\u5957\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5DHE\u5957\u88c5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u534f\u5546\u56de\u9000
\n\uff08 fallback)\u7684\u5907\u9009\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

2.6 \u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u91cd\u534f\u5546<\/p>\n

\u5728SSL\/TLS\u91cc\uff0c\u91cd\u534f\u5546\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u65b9\u505c\u6b62\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u800c\u53bb\u91cd\u65b0\u534f\u5546\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b
\n\u573a\u666f\u9700\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u91cd\u534f\u5546\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u8d77\u91cd\u534f\u5546\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u6b64
\n\u5916\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u91cd\u534f\u5546\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u653b\u51fb( Shawn\u6ce8\u89e3: \u6bcf\u4e2a\u91cd\u534f\u5546
\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u768415\u500d)\u3002<\/p>\n

2.7 \u964d\u4f4e\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9632\u62a4\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u63a8\u79fb\u6210\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e
\n\u8df5\u662f\u968f\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u7136\u540e\u91c7\u53d6\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u662f\u4f60
\n\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u5feb\u7684\u6253\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u4e01\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5e94\u8be5\u5f15\u8d77\u4f60\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n

* \u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u534f\u5546<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u534f\u5546\u7279\u6027\u57282009\u5e74\u65f6\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u534f\u8bae\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5382\u5546\u5df2
\n \u7ecf\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u534f\u5546\u5f88\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab
\n \u5229\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u5173\u95edTLS\u538b\u7f29<\/p>\n

2012\u5e74\uff0cCRIME\u653b\u51fb[6]\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86TLS\u538b\u7f29\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u6f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7528
\n \u4e8e\u8fd8\u539f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e(\u6bd4\u5982session cookies)\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u6b3e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u652f\u6301TLS\u538b\u7f29\uff0c
\n \u6240\u4ee5\u5373\u4f7f\u5173\u6389TLS\u538b\u7f29\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5200\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u964d\u4f4eHTTP\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u6f0f\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

2\u4e2aCRIME\u7684\u53d8\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u57282013\u5e74\u88ab\u66dd\u5149\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cfCRIME\u9488\u5bf9TLS\u538b\u7f29\uff0cTIME\u548cBREACH
\n \u6f0f\u6d1e\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u538b\u7f29\u8fc7\u7684HTTP\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u91cc\u3002HTTP\u538b\u7f29\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a
\n \u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8eTIME\u548cBREACH\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u653b\u51fb\u4f60\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u90a3\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eCSRF\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u5173\u95edRC4<\/p>\n

RC4 cihpersuites\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u800c\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6700\u597d
\n \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u767e\u4e07\u6b21\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5371\u5bb3\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u672a\u6765\u6709\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u7684
\n \u653b\u51fb\u624b\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u6ce8\u610fBEAST\u653b\u51fb<\/p>\n

2011\u5e74\u66dd\u5149\u7684BEAST\u653b\u51fb\u662f2004\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9488\u5bf9TLS 1.0\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u65e9\u7248\u672c\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u88ab\u8ba4
\n \u4e3a\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f0f\u6d1e…………..<\/p>\n

3. \u6027\u80fd<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u610f\u5200\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u670d
\n\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u65e0\u7591\u4f1a\u88ab\u9057\u5f03\u6389\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aSSL\u914d\u7f6e\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6027
\n\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8ba8\u8bba\u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1 \u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u79c1\u94a5<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6761\u5b89\u5168\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u534f\u5546\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u662f\u7531\u79c1\u94a5\u5927\u5c0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f
\n\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fc7\u77ed\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fc7\u957f\u4f1a\u7684\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002
\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u7684WEB\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u8fc72048\u4f4d\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39CPU\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2 \u786e\u4fdd\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528Session\u91cd\u7528<\/p>\n

Session\u91cd\u7528\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8ba9\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f
\n\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u95ed\u6216\u8005\u6ca1\u6709Session\u91cd\u7528\u673a\u5236\u7684\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3 \u4f7f\u7528\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u94fe\u63a5(HTTP)<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5f88\u591aSSL\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5f00\u9500\u5e76\u975e\u6765\u81eaCPU\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u4e00\u4e2aSSL\u63e1
\n\u624b\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728TCP\u63e1\u624b\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4ea4\u6362packet\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\uff0c
\n\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u542f\u7528HTTP\u6301\u4e45\u5316( keep-alives)\uff0c\u5979\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0a\u53d1\u591a\u6b21
\nHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

3.4 \u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u8d44\u6e90\u5f00\u542f\u7f13\u5b58(HTTP)<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528SSL\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684
\n\u8d44\u6e90\u7f13\u5b58\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u4f60\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u6027
\n\u80fd\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u5f00\u542f\u957f\u671f\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5165”Cache-Control: public”\u8fd4\u56deheader\u7ed9
\n\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u56fe\u7247\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u5e94\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08HTTP\uff09<\/p>\n

HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u548cWEB\u76f8\u5173\u5e73\u53f0\u5728SSL\u8bde\u751f\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u3002\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b
\n\u4eca\u5929\u5305\u542b\u7684\u7279\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e0d\u5229\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2aSection\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7f57\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f
\n\u5305\u62ec\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5979\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n

4.1 100%\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u201d\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5907\u9009\u201c\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5927\u6982\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b
\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n

* \u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0d\u9700\u8981SSL
\n* \u7f51\u7ad9\u6709SSL\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u4f7f\u7528
\n* \u7f51\u7ad9\u6df7\u5408\u4e86SSL\u548c\u975eSSL\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u4e0a
\n* \u7f51\u7ad9\u7f16\u7a0b\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4SSL\u88ab\u201d\u65e5\u201c<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u8bdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5bf9\u6297\u65b9\u6848\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9
\n\u5f0f\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

4.2 \u907f\u514d\u6df7\u5408\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

\u6df7\u5408\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u9875\u9762\u662f\u4f7f\u7528SSL\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6bd4\u5982JavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\uff0c
\nCSS\uff09\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u975eSSL\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u653b\u51fb\u53ef\u4ee5\u52ab\u6301\u8fd9
\n\u4e9bJavaScript\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u7528\u6237session\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c
\n\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u6765\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

4.3 \u7406\u89e3\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7ad9\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7ad9\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0cGoogle Analytics\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a
\n\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5185\u542b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u94fe\u63a5\u8ba9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c
\n\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6076\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002
\n\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u88ab\u201d\u65e5\u201c\uff0c\u90a3\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u8def\u5f84
\n\u53bb\u201d\u65e5\u201c\u5979\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u91c7\u7eb3\u4e86Section 4.2\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4f60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba
\n\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u4f60\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u641e\u660e\u767d\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u98ce\u9669
\n\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u613f\u610f\u627f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n

4.4 \u5b89\u5168Cookies
\n……………………………<\/p>\n

4.5 \u90e8\u7f72HSTS
\n……………………………<\/p>\n

4.6 \u5173\u95ed\u654f\u611f\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e91\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u533a\u5206\u516c\u5f00\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u654f\u611f\u5185\u5bb9\u3002………….<\/p>\n

4.7 \u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/p>\n

SSL\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5c31\u5b89\u5168\uff0cSSL\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ea\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762–\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u548c
\n\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5a01\u80c1\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

5. Validation
\n………..\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u53c2\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\uff1a
\nhttps:\/\/www.ssllabs.com\/ssltest\/
\n………..<\/p>\n

6. \u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bae\u9898<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u7684\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9SSL\/TLS\u548c\u516c\u94a5\u67b6\u6784(PKI)\u6709
\n\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

* Extended Validation\u8bc1\u4e66<\/p>\n

EV\u8bc1\u4e66\u5728\u7b7e\u53d1\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u79bb\u7ebf\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u66f4\u9760\u8c31\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002EV\u8bc1\u4e66\u66f4\u96be\u4f2a\u9020\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d
\n \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

* Public key pinning<\/p>\n

Public key pinning\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4e3a\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u54ea\u4e9bCA\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u7b7e
\n \u53d1\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u662fGoogle\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u5230\u4e86Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u91cc\u9762\uff0c
\n \u5e76\u4e14\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u30022\u4e2aproposals:<\/p>\n

1, Public Key Pinning Extension for HTTP:
\nhttp:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/draft-ietf-websec-key-pinning<\/p>\n

2, Trust Assertions for Certificate Keys
\nhttp:\/\/tack.io\/draft.html<\/p>\n

* ECDSA\u79c1\u94a5<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eRSA\u79c1\u94a5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u662fWEB\u901a\u4fe1\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00
\n \u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4ece1024\u4f4d\u8f6c\u54112048\u4f4d\u7684RSA\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765
\n \u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u692d\u5706\u66f2\u7ebf\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66(ECC)\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\uff0c\u80fd\u5728\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0b\u6709
\n \u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002RSA\u5bc6\u94a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88abECDSA\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u7684CA\u652f\u6301ECDSA\uff0c\u4f46\u6211
\n \u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u672a\u6765\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

* OCSP Stapling<\/p>\n

OCSP Stapling\u662f\u6539\u7248\u7684OCSP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u64a4\u56de\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8bc1\u4e66\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e
\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002\u4e0d\u7528\u50cfOCSP\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdc\u7a0b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u6548\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u8fd9\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6539\u52a8<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f\u57282012\u5e742\u670824\u65e5\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aSection\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e86\u6587\u6863\u4fee\u6539
\n\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece1.3\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n

Version 1.3 (17 September 2013)
\nThe following changes were made in this version:
\n\u2022 Recommend replacing 1024-bit certificates straight away.
\n\u2022 Recommend against supporting SSL v3.
\n\u2022 Remove the recommendation to use RC4 to mitigate the BEAST attack server-side.
\n\u2022 Recommend that RC4 is disabled.
\n\u2022 Recommend that 3DES is disabled in the near future.
\n\u2022 Warn about the CRIME attack variations (TIME and BREACH).
\n\u2022 Recommend supporting Forward Secrecy.
\n\u2022 Add discussion of ECDSA certificates.<\/p>\n

\u611f\u8c22<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u548c\u8d77\u8349\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u611f\u8c22Marsh Ray (PhoneFactor), Nasko
\nOskov (Google), Adrian F. Dimcev\u548cRyan Hurst(GlobalSign)\u3002\u4e5f\u611f\u8c22\u5176\u4ed6\u6177
\n\u6168\u7684\u5206\u4eab\u5173\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u867d\u7136\u662f\u6211\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5219\u6765
\n\u81ea\u6574\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u793e\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8eSSL Labs
\n……………..
\n\u5173\u4e8eQualys
\n…………….<\/p>\n

[1] On the Security of RC4 in TLS and WPA (Kenny Paterson et al.; 13 March 2013)
\nhttp:\/\/www.isg.rhul.ac.uk\/tls\/<\/p>\n

[2] Deploying Forward Secrecy (Qualys Security Labs; 25 June 2013)
\nhttps:\/\/community.qualys.com\/blogs\/securitylabs\/2013\/06\/25\/ssl-labs-deploying-forward-secrecy<\/p>\n

[3] Increasing DHE strength on Apache 2.4.x (Ivan Risti\u0107\u2019s blog; 15 August 2013)
\nhttp:\/\/blog.ivanristic.com\/2013\/08\/increasing-dhe-strength-on-apache.html<\/p>\n

[4] TLS Renegotiation and Denial of Service Attacks (Qualys Security Labs Blog, October 2011)
\nhttps:\/\/community.qualys.com\/blogs\/securitylabs\/2011\/10\/31\/tls-renegotiation-and-denial-of-service-attacks<\/p>\n

[5] SSL and TLS Authentication Gap Vulnerability Discovered (Qualys Security Labs Blog; November 2009)
\nhttps:\/\/community.qualys.com\/blogs\/securitylabs\/2009\/11\/05\/ssl-and-tls-authentication-gap-vulnerability-discovered<\/p>\n

[6] CRIME: Information Leakage Attack against SSL\/TLS (Qualys Security Labs Blog; September 2012)
\nhttps:\/\/community.qualys.com\/blogs\/securitylabs\/2012\/09\/14\/crime-information-leakage-attack-against-ssltls<\/p>\n

[7] Defending against the BREACH Attack (Qualys Security Labs; 7 August 2013)
\nhttps:\/\/community.qualys.com\/blogs\/securitylabs\/2013\/08\/07\/defending-against-the-breach-attack<\/p>\n

[8] Mitigating the BEAST attack on TLS (Qualys Security Labs Blog; October 2011)
\nhttps:\/\/community.qualys.com\/blogs\/securitylabs\/2011\/10\/17\/mitigating-the-beast-attack-on-tls<\/p>\n

[9] Is BEAST Still a Threat? (Qualys Security Labs; 10 September 2013)
\nhttps:\/\/community.qualys.com\/blogs\/securitylabs\/2013\/09\/10\/is-beast-still-a-threat<\/p>\n