{"id":4596,"date":"2016-07-21T08:29:33","date_gmt":"2016-07-21T00:29:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=4596"},"modified":"2016-07-21T08:29:33","modified_gmt":"2016-07-21T00:29:33","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e5%90%af%e7%94%a8-http2-%e5%af%bc%e8%87%b4%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99%e6%97%a0%e6%b3%95%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e8%af%b4%e8%b5%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=4596","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u542f\u7528 HTTP\/2 \u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7ad9\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bf4\u8d77"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u670b\u53cb\u5728\u7ed9\u7f51\u7ad9\u5f00\u542f HTTP\/2 \u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ea\u662f Firefox \u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u7f51\u7edc\u9762\u677f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab Abort\uff1b\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0d\u4f46 Firefox \u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8fde Chrome \u4e5f\u4f1a\u8df3\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u9875\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u300cERR_SPDY_INADEQUATE_TRANSPORT_SECURITY\u300d\u3002\u8be1\u5f02\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u53bb\u6389\u5bf9 HTTP\/2 \u7684\u652f\u6301\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u53bb\u6389 Nginx listen \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684 http2\uff09\u5c31\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e HTTPS + HTTP\/2 \u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u4f9b HTTPS \u670d\u52a1\u65f6\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u9664\u4e86\u544a\u8bc9\u5927\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u5b83\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5f04\u6e05\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u5173\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5c0f\u7ed3\u5373\u53ef\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u9879\u5f00\u59cb\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u901a\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u80fd\u5426\u8bbf\u95ee <a href=\"https:\/\/imququ.com\/\">imququ.com<\/a> \u6765\u6392\u67e5 ^_^\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7ad9 DNS \u89e3\u6790\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 ping\u3001nslookup\u3001dig \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u6392\u67e5\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u80fd\u5426\u5efa\u7acb\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 telnet \u6765\u6392\u67e5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 telnet imququ.com 443\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u80fd\u591f\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8bf4\u660e Web Server \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u5230 Web Server \u7f51\u7edc\u4e5f\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5f00\u59cb\u5f80\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u53bb\u6392\u67e5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u56e0\u4e3a\u57df\u540d\u6ca1\u5907\u6848\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528 IP\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6362\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u56e0\u4e3a Web \u7a0b\u5e8f\u592a\u6162\uff0c\u8fdf\u8fdf\u6ca1\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u9762\u677f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u76f4\u662f pending\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff08\u6839\u636e\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u6392\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e HTTPS \u7f51\u7ad9\uff0cHTTP \u548c TCP \u4e2d\u95f4\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42 TLS\u3002\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53d1\u9001 HTTP \u62a5\u6587\u524d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f97\u5148\u8ddf\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5efa\u7acb TLS \u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6ca1\u6709\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\uff08\u5df2\u8fc7\u671f\u3001\u57df\u540d\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u3002\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6392\u67e5\u540c IP \u90e8\u7f72\u591a HTTPS \u7ad9\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 SNI \u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u6253 XP SP3 \u8865\u4e01\u7684 IE6 \u4e0d\u652f\u6301 SHA-2 \u8bc1\u4e66\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684 TLS \u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 IE6 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u652f\u6301 SSLv2 \u548c SSLv3\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684 CipherSuite\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305 \u53ea\u6709 Chrome \u652f\u6301\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72 HTTPS \u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/imququ.com\/post\/sth-about-switch-to-https-2.html\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5173\u4e8e\u542f\u7528 HTTPS \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5206\u4eab\uff08\u4e8c\uff09<\/a>\u300d\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u672c\u6587\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u5c55\u5f00\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u4e4b\u524d\u9762\u5217\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u8ddf\u672c\u6587\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898<strong>\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff01\u5982\u679c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdf\u8fdf\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u9053\u7406\u4e0d\u542f\u7528 HTTP\/2 \u5c31\u662f\u597d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cChrome \u8fd9\u4e2a\u300cERR_SPDY_INADEQUATE_TRANSPORT_SECURITY\u300d\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e0e HTTP\/2 \u6709\u5173\u3002SPDY \u662f HTTP\/2 \u7684\u524d\u8eab\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4ece SPDY \u65f6\u4ee3\u6cbf\u7528\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e TLS \u5b89\u5168\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u7684 HTTPS \u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62 TLS \u63e1\u624b\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6700\u65b0\u7684 Chrome 48 \u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0e\u300c\u4ee5 RC4 \u505a\u4e3a\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684 CipherSuite\u300d\u5efa\u7acb TLS \u8fde\u63a5\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 Wireshark \u6293\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728 TLS \u63e1\u624b\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u300cEncrypted Alert\u300d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e3b\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00\u4e86 TCP\u3002TLS \u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5efa\u7acb\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u5f53\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u524d\u9605\u8bfb HTTP\/2 RFC \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4e86\u89e3\u5230 HTTP\/2 \u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u5bf9 TLS \u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982 HTTP\/2 \u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 TLSv1.2+\uff0c\u8fd8\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u51e0\u767e\u79cd CipherSuite\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/http2.github.io\/http2-spec\/#BadCipherSuites\">TLS 1.2 Cipher Suite Black List<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u7528 TLSv1.2\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f CipherSuite \u914d\u7f6e\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u652f\u6301 TLSv1.2\uff0c\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u540e\u8005\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CipherSuite\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u5bc6\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a TLS \u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003<a href=\"https:\/\/imququ.com\/post\/sth-about-switch-to-https-2.html#toc-1\">\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u7acb TLS \u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5728 Client Hello \u63e1\u624b\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u5df1\u652f\u6301\u7684 CipherSuite \u5217\u8868\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u5217\u8868\uff08\u901a\u8fc7 TLS ALPN \u6269\u5c55\uff09\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5219\u901a\u8fc7 Server Hello \u63e1\u624b\u8fd4\u56de\u9009\u5b9a\u7684 CipherSuite \u548c\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u662f HTTP\/2\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5 CipherSuite \u662f\u5426\u5728 HTTP\/2 \u7684\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u7ec8\u6b62 TLS \u63e1\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 HTTP\/2\uff0cClient Hello \u63e1\u624b\u4e2d\u7684 ALPN \u6269\u5c55\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5305\u542b h2\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cALPN \u6269\u5c55\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9009\u5b9a HTTP\/2 \u505a\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f HTTP\/2 \u534f\u8bae\u534f\u5546\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>HTTP\/2 \u5bf9 CipherSuite \u6709\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u627f\u8f7d HTTP\/1.1 \u52a0\u5bc6\u6d41\u91cf\u7684 CipherSuite\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u627f\u8f7d HTTP\/2 \u52a0\u5bc6\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u826f\u597d\u7684 HTTPS \u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u542f\u7528 HTTP\/2 \u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7531\u4e8e CipherSuite \u88ab\u7981\u7528\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP\/2 \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u6848\u4f8b\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u672c\u6848\u4f8b\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u672c\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u53cb\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/imququ.com\/post\/nginx-http2-patch.html#comment-2304827417\">via<\/a>\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u4e0b CipherSuite \u5e76\u542f\u7528 HTTP\/2\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u7684 Firefox \u4e2d\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES256-SHA256:AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES128-SHA256:AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!CAMELLIA:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684 CHACHA20\/POLY1305\uff0c\u7531 Google \u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/libressl.org\/\">LibreSSL<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/boringssl.googlesource.com\/boringssl\/\">BoringSSL<\/a> \u6216\u8005 CloudFlare \u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/sslconfig\">OpenSSL Patch<\/a>\u624d\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u5b83\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u7684 OpenSSL \u5df2\u7ecf\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.openssl.org\/news\/changelog.txt\">via<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 CipherSuite \u5177\u4f53\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684 openssl \u7248\u672c\u662f LibreSSL 2.3.1\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">openssl ciphers -V <span class=\"hljs-string\">'ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES256-SHA256:AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES128-SHA256:AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!CAMELLIA:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4'<\/span> | column -t\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>0xCC,0x13  -  ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=ChaCha20-Poly1305  Mac=AEAD\r\n0xC0,0x30  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(256)        Mac=AEAD\r\n0xC0,0x28  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=AES(256)           Mac=SHA384\r\n0xC0,0x14  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA         SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=AES(256)           Mac=SHA1\r\n0xC0,0x2F  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(128)        Mac=AEAD\r\n0xC0,0x27  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=AES(128)           Mac=SHA256\r\n0xC0,0x13  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA         SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=AES(128)           Mac=SHA1\r\n0x00,0x9D  -  AES256-GCM-SHA384            TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(256)        Mac=AEAD\r\n0x00,0x3D  -  AES256-SHA256                TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA  Enc=AES(256)           Mac=SHA256\r\n0x00,0x35  -  AES256-SHA                   SSLv3    Kx=RSA   Au=RSA  Enc=AES(256)           Mac=SHA1\r\n0x00,0x9C  -  AES128-GCM-SHA256            TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(128)        Mac=AEAD\r\n0x00,0x3C  -  AES128-SHA256                TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA  Enc=AES(128)           Mac=SHA256\r\n0x00,0x2F  -  AES128-SHA                   SSLv3    Kx=RSA   Au=RSA  Enc=AES(128)           Mac=SHA1\r\n0xC0,0x12  -  ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA       SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA  Enc=3DES(168)          Mac=SHA1\r\n0x00,0x0A  -  DES-CBC3-SHA                 SSLv3    Kx=RSA   Au=RSA  Enc=3DES(168)          Mac=SHA1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u518d\u901a\u8fc7 Wireshark \u83b7\u5f97 Firefox \u5728 Client Hello \u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u7684 CipherSuite \u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0xC0,0x2B)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0xC0,0x2F)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x0A)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x09)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x13)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x14)\r\nTLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x33)\r\nTLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x39)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x2F)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x35)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x0A)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>CipherSuite \u534f\u5546\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u4e24\u7aef\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53d6\u51fa\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0xC0,0x2F)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x13)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x14)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x2F)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x35)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x0A)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e4d\u4e00\u770b\u9009\u62e9\u4f59\u5730\u8fd8\u633a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\uff0cHTTP\/2 \u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u8fd8\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u3002\u628a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0xC0,0x2F)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u597d\u6b79\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u63e1\u624b\u5931\u8d25\u5462\uff1f\u901a\u8fc7 Wireshark \u770b\u4e00\u4e0b Server Hello \u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Firefox \u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\u662f <code>0xC0,0x14<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f <code>0xC0,0x2F<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Nginx \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>ssl_prefer_server_ciphers<\/code> \u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>on<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5728\u534f\u5546 CipherSuite \u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u51fa\u4ea4\u96c6\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5957\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u987a\u5e8f\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u800c\u90a3\u4efd\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 <code>ssl_ciphers<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c<code>0xC0,0x14<\/code> \u6392\u5728\u4e86 <code>0xC0,0x2F<\/code> \u524d\u9762\uff0c\u5f00\u542f<code>ssl_prefer_server_ciphers<\/code> \u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u88ab HTTP\/2 \u7981\u7528\u7684 <code>0xC0,0x14<\/code> \u9009\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6700\u7ec8 HTTPS + HTTP\/2 \u63e1\u624b\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4efd\u914d\u7f6e\u5728 Chrome \u4e2d\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5462\uff1fChrome \u652f\u6301\u7684 CipherSuite \u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u5206\u6790\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0xC0,0x2B)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0xC0,0x2F)\r\nTLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0x00,0x9E)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (0xCC,0x14)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (0xCC,0x13)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x0A)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x14)\r\nTLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x39)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x09)\r\nTLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0xC0,0x13)\r\nTLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x33)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0x00,0x9C)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x35)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x2F)\r\nTLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (0x00,0x0A)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c06 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684 <code>0xC0,0x2F<\/code>\uff08ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256\uff09\u632a\u5230 <code>0xC0,0x14<\/code>\uff08ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA\uff09 \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u89e3\u51b3\u6700\u65b0 Firefox \u4e0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u591a\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e TLS \u65f6\u52a1\u5fc5\u53c2\u8003\u6743\u5a01\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.mozilla.org\/Security\/Server_Side_TLS#Recommended_configurations\">Mozilla \u7684\u63a8\u8350\u914d\u7f6e<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/sslconfig\/blob\/master\/conf\">CloudFlare \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/a>\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4efd\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 HTTPS \u7ad9\u70b9\u5728\u542f\u7528 HTTP\/2 \u540e\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u5c0f\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684 HTTPS \u7f51\u7ad9\u542f\u7528 HTTP\/2 \u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u6392\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fd9\u4e24\u70b9\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a1\uff09\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u4e86 TLSv1.2\uff1b2\uff09\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 CipherSuite\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1aimququ.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u670b\u53cb\u5728\u7ed9\u7f51\u7ad9\u5f00\u542f HTTP\/2 \u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ea\u662f Firefox \u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf <a href='https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=4596' class='excerpt-more'>[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[4143,3742,1757,1141],"class_list":["post-4596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lamp","tag-http2","tag-spdy","tag-ssl","tag-1141","category-24-id","post-seq-1","post-parity-odd","meta-position-corners","fix"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4596","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4596"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4597,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4596\/revisions\/4597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}