{"id":69,"date":"2006-06-24T00:04:47","date_gmt":"2006-06-24T00:04:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=69"},"modified":"1970-01-01T07:00:00","modified_gmt":"1970-01-01T07:00:00","slug":"%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E5%99%A8%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/?p=69","title":{"rendered":"\u8def\u7531\u5668\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ecb\u7ecd"},"content":{"rendered":"

[center]\u8def\u7531\u5668\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ecb\u7ecd [\/center]<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u5355\u7ebf\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u603b\u7ebf\u53d1\u9001\u5206\u7ec4\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6570\u76ee\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f88\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a <\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d44\u6e90\u8017\u5c3d\u3002
2\u3001\u6bcf\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u90fd\u6d6a\u8d39\u8bb8\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u6570\u636e\u3002
3\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u762b\u75ea\u3002
4\u3001\u6bcf\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u542c\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u628a\u7f51\u7edc\u5206
\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5728\u4e00\u4e9bISO\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u5c42\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u5728\u7f51\u6bb5\u95f4\u4f20\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u5c42\u548c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5047\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4e3aIPv4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u8def\u7531\u4e0e\u6865\u63a5 <\/p>\n

\u8def\u7531\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e2\u5c42\u7684\u6865\u63a5\/\u4ea4\u6362\u662f\u9ad8\u5c42\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u5728\u53ef\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u5982IP\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u8bba\u5b83\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u3001\u4ee4\u724c\u73af\u3001FDDI\u8fd8\u662f\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u6784\u6210\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u7f51\u6865\u53ea\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u76f8\u540c\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff09\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5219\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e3b\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42
\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u901a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u201c\u7c98\u5408\u201d\u534f\u8bae\u3002ARP\uff08\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u628a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42(3\u5c42)\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42(2\u5c42)\u5730\u5740\uff0cRARP(\u53cd\u5411\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae)\u5219\u53cd\u4e4b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136ARP\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790IP\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u662f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0b\u9762\u7684ARP\u548cRARP\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u57fa\u4e8eIP\u548c\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae <\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7531\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u53bb\u5173\u5fc3\u4e0b\u5c42\u662f\u54ea\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u53ea\u80fd\u6839\u636e2\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u6765\u4e92\u76f8\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c2\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u901a\u8fc7ARP\u4ece3\u5c42\u5730\u5740\u5f97\u5230\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884cARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u56de\u5e94\u88ab\u7f13\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7684ARP\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684ARP\u5305\u3002ARP\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002 <\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53e3A\u60f3\u7ed9\u63a5\u53e3B\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14A\u53ea\u77e5\u9053B\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u67e5\u627eB\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5b83\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u542b\u6709B\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u7684ARP\u5e7f\u64ad\u8bf7\u6c42B\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u63a5\u53e3B\u6536\u5230\u8be5\u5e7f\u64ad\u540e\uff0c\u5411A\u56de\u5e94\u5176\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709B\u56de\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4e14\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u8fc7\u671f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53A\u548cB\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0cA\u53ea\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53d1\u9001ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5411B\u53d1\u9001\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e3a\u63a5\u6536\u5230ARP\u5206\u7ec4\u540e\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u7684\u5bf9\u88ab\u5b58\u5230\u63a5\u6536ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u672c\u5730ARP\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u822cA\u60f3\u4e0eB\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0cB\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4e0eA\u901a\u4fe1\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u30003\u3001IP\u5730\u5740\u51b2\u7a81 <\/p>\n

ARP\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662fIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e3b\u673aIP\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u540c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e92\u8054\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0cIP\u5730\u5740\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u4e24\u4e2aARP\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5f53\u63a5\u53e3A\u521d\u8bd5\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u542b\u6709\u5176IP\u5730\u5740\u7684ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u56de\u5e94\uff0cA\u5c31\u5047\u5b9a\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3B\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48B\u5c31\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aARP\u56de\u5e94\uff0cA\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\u5df2\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53c8\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3b\u673aC\u542b\u6709\u8be5IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u662f\u6620\u5c04\u5230B\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u6536\u5230\u63a5\u53e3A\u7684ARP\u5e7f\u64ad\u540e\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5176ARP\u8868\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6307\u5411A\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0cB\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e3b\u673aC\u53c8\u66f4\u65b0\u5176ARP\u8868\u518d\u6b21\u6307\u5411B\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u5148\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fdC\u5df2\u7ecf\u5411A\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9B\u7684IP\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aIP\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u65e0\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n

4\u3001\u7ba1\u7406ARP\u7f13\u5b58\u8868 <\/p>\n

ARP\u7f13\u5b58\u8868\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6839\u636eIP\u5730\u5740\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u8be5\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u547d\u4ee4arp\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u5411\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u9759\u6001\u8868\u9879 — arp -s
\u4ece\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8868\u9879 — arp -d
\u663e\u793a\u8868\u9879 — arp -a
ARP\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8868\u9879(\u6ca1\u6709\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u8868\u9879)\u901a\u5e38\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u7684TCP\/IP\u5b9e\u73b0\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002 <\/p>\n

5\u3001\u9759\u6001ARP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 <\/p>\n

\u9759\u6001ARP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7telnet\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u9996\u5148\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u628a\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\u544a\u8bc9\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u597d\u8c61\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e32\u53e3\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u548c\u4e32\u884c\u7535\u7f06\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3001\u5947\u5076\u6821\u9a8c\u7b49\uff0c\u5f88\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6eIP\u5730\u5740P-IP\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740P-hard\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9A\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001ARP\u8868\u9879\u628aP-IP\u6620\u5c04\u5230P-hard\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6307\u5411P-IP\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u5c06\u88ab\u9001\u5230P-hard\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5telnet\u5230P-IP\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u5176IP\u5730\u5740\u4e86\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u9759\u6001ARP\u8868\u9879\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\u914d\u7f6e\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u5176IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3aP-IP\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u7f51\u7684\u4e34\u65f6IP\u5730\u5740T-IP\u7ed9\u5b83\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9A\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e34\u65f6ARP\u8868\u9879\u628aT-IP\u6620\u5c04\u5230P-hard\uff0c\u7136\u540etelnet\u5230T-IP\uff0c\u7ed9\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u4ee5IP\u5730\u5740P-IP\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u5220\u9664\u9759\u6001ARP\u8868\u9879\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

6\u3001\u4ee3\u7406ARP <\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406ARP\u6765\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6bcf\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u7f51\u65f6\u8fd9\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e5f\u53d1\u9001ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0cARP\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7f51\u5173\uff09\u56de\u5e94\u4ee5\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u56fe\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7406ARP\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf(\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u660e\u663e)\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u5927\u7684ARP\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u7f51\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u9879\uff0c\u90fd\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406ARP\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7269\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001IP\u5730\u5740 <\/p>\n

\u5728\u53ef\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u8bae\u5730\u5740\u5fc5\u987b\u542b\u6709\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b58\u8d2e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u57df\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae(\u5982IPX)\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5c0f\u578b\u548c\u4e2d\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f88\u597d\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u57df\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u598224\u4f4d\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u30018\u4f4d\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u5185\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u76ee\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u4e8e256\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5206\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed9\u8def\u7531\u5668\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u96be\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002 <\/p>\n

IP\u628a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u4e00\u8d77\u5305\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a32\u4f4d\u7684\u57df\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u90e8\u5206\u5f88\u77ed\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u76ee\u4e0d\u7b97\u591a\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u65e0\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u5173 <\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5e38\u4ea7\u751f\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u5728RFC\u4e2d(1122\/3\u548c1009)\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u4ece\u5176\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4ece\u4e0d\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002
\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b83\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7edc\u3002
\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u4eba\u5de5\u5730\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u540c\u65f6\u7528\u4f5c\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8db3\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u62c5\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u6b64\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u673a\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u4ece\u5176\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002
\u8def\u7531\u5668\u662f\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u5176\u786c\u4ef6\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u4ee5\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8f6c\u53d1\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u8def\u7531\u786c\u4ef6\u8f83\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7528\u4f5c\u7f51\u5173\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u5c11\u89c1\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e8\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5c0f\u7ad9\u70b9\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u975e\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u3002 <\/p>\n

2\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u5730\u5740 <\/p>\n

\u6700\u521d\u8bbe\u8ba1IP\u65f6\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u6839\u636e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a <\/p>\n

0: \u4fdd\u7559
1-126: A\u7c7b(\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740:1\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740:3\u5b57\u8282)
127: \u4fdd\u7559
128-191: B\u7c7b(\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740:2\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740:2\u5b57\u8282)
192-223: C\u7c7b(\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740:3\u5b57\u8282\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740:1\u5b57\u8282)
224-255: \u4fdd\u7559 <\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206 <\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u6765\u8bf4\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\u90e8\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42(\u6865\u63a5\/\u4ea4\u6362)\u6765\u5bfc\u5f15\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u5927\u578b\u7684A\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5927\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u6865\u63a5\/\u4ea4\u6362\u4f7f\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u96be\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u5927\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u5272\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u5c0f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u57df\uff1a\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u6307\u51fa\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u52361\u8868\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u52360\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u4f4d\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a\uff1a <\/p>\n

A\u7c7b\uff1a255.0.0.0
B\u7c7b\uff1a255.255.0.0
C\u7c7b\uff1a255.255.255.0
\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u628a\u4e00\u4e2aB\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7528\u4f5cC\u7c7b\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u63a9\u7801255.255.255.0\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u7528\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u5212\u5206\u5b50\u7f51\u3002\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982UNIX\u7684routed\u8def\u7531\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u7248\u672c1\u7684RIP\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u51fa\u73b0\u524d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u53ea\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff1a255.0.0.0\u3001255.255.0.0\u548c255.255.255.0\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b57\u8282\u4e2d\u95f4\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u7167\u76f8\u5173\u7684TCP\/IP\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5b50\u7f51\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u70b9\u5230\u70b9\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5982\u63a9\u7801255.255.255.252\uff0c30\u4f4d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\uff0c2\u4f4d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u4e2d\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5982\u63a9\u7801255.255.240.0\uff0c20\u4f4d\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\uff0c12\u4f4d\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\uff1a4094\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610fDNS\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684IP\u7f51\u7edc(\u5728in-addr.arpa.\u57df\u4e2d)\u3002 <\/p>\n

4\u3001\u8d85\u7f51(supernetting) <\/p>\n

\u8d85\u7f51\u662f\u4e0e\u5b50\u7f51\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5–IP\u5730\u5740\u6839\u636e\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b50\u7f51\u628a\u5927\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u5c0f\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7f51\u7edc–\u8d85\u7f51\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u73b0\u5728\u670916\u4e2aC\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4ece201.66.32.0\u5230201.66.47.0\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801255.255.240.0\u7edf\u4e00\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc201.66.32.0\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7ec4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u4f8b\u598216\u4e2aC\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc201.66.71.0\u5230201.66.86.0\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7b56\u7565\u5f97\u5f53\uff0c\u603b\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5730\u5740\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n

5\u3001\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801(VLSM) <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6309\u90e8\u95e8\u5212\u5206\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u63a9\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a255.255.255.0(\u591a\u6570\u90e8\u95e8)\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u53ef\u4e3a255.255.252.0(\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u90e8\u95e8)\u3002 <\/p>\n

6\u3001\u65e0\u7c7b\u522b\u5730\u5740(CIDR) <\/p>\n

\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd8\u8fdc\u6ca1\u8fbe\u5230232\uff0c\u4f46\u5730\u5740\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u532e\u4e4f\u30021993\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684RFC1519–\u65e0\u7c7b\u522b\u57df\u95f4\u8def\u7531CIDR(Classless Inter-Domain Routing)–\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002CIDR\u8bd5\u56fe\u5ef6\u957fIPv4\u7684\u5bff\u547d\uff0c\u4e0e128\u4f4d\u5730\u5740\u7684IPv6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u89e3\u51b3\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8017\u5c3d\uff0c\u4f46IPv6\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002CIDR\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u76ee\u95f4\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6298\u8877\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u6210\u957f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u76ee\u7684\u589e\u957f\u4f7f\u8def\u7531\u8868\u5927\u5f97\u96be\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3002
\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u6848\u4f7f\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662fB\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u5341\u5206\u532e\u4e4f\u3002
\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u591a\u4e2aC\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aB\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5728CIDR\u4e2d\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u6839\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u6765\u5206\u914d\u3002\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff0c\u4f7f\u6574\u7ec4\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u7f51\u6280\u672f\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u4ee5256\u4e2aC\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece213.79.0.0\u5230213.79.255.0\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2aC\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\u53ea\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u9879–\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a255.255.0.0\u7684\u7f51\u7edc213.79.0.0–\u6765\u5206\u8fa8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u660e\u663e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0cCIDR RFC\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u5982\u679c90%\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86CIDR\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u8868\u5c06\u4ee5\u6bcf3\u5e7454%\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528CIDR\uff0c\u5219\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a776%\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5219\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u9aa8\u5e72\u4e0a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u8def\u7531 <\/p>\n

1\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8868 <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5f53\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u5206\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u600e\u6837\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5c31\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u6765\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u5173 \u6807\u5fd7 \u63a5\u53e3
201.66.37.0 255.255.255.0 201.66.37.74 U eth0
201.66.39.0 255.255.255.0 201.66.39.21 U eth1 <\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u673a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc201.66.37.0\u5185\u4e3b\u673a(201.66.37.1-201.66.37.254)\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3eth0(IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a201.66.37.74)\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc201.66.39.0\u5185\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u53e3eth1(IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a201.66.39.21)\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u6807\u5fd7U\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u201cup\u201d\uff08\u5373\u6fc0\u6d3b\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u8c61\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\u7ed9\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6b64\u4f8b\u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a201.66.37.254\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc73.0.0.0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u9879\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 \u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u5173 \u6807\u5fd7 \u63a5\u53e3
73.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 201.66.37.254 UG eth0 <\/p>\n

\u6b64\u9879\u544a\u8bc9\u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc73.0.0.0\u5185\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u901a\u8fc7201.66.37.254\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u6807\u5fd7G(gateway)\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u9879\u628a\u5206\u7ec4\u5bfc\u5411\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\u5230\u8fbe\u7279\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u6807\u5fd7H(host)\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 \u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u5173 \u6807\u5fd7 \u63a5\u53e3
91.32.74.21 255.255.255.255 201.66.37.254 UGH eth0 <\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7279\u6b8a\u8868\u9879\u4e4b\u5916\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 \u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u5173 \u6807\u5fd7 \u63a5\u53e3
127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 UH lo0
default 0.0.0.0 201.66.37.254 UG eth1 <\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u662floopback\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8eIP\u4e4b\u4e0a\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u672c\u5730\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u5740127.0.0.1\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8def\u7531(\u63a5\u53e3lo0\u662fIP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u5047\u201d\u7f51\u5361)\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u5341\u5206\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5230\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u7701\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u9879\uff0c\u8be5\u5206\u7ec4\u5c31\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u7f3a\u7701\u7f51\u5173\u3002\u591a\u6570\u4e3b\u673a\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u9879\uff1aloopback\u9879\u3001\u672c\u5730\u5b50\u7f51\u9879\u548c\u7f3a\u7701\u9879\uff08\u6307\u5411\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n

2\u3001\u91cd\u53e0\u8def\u7531 <\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u91cd\u53e0\u9879\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 \u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u5173 \u6807\u5fd7 \u63a5\u53e3
1.2.3.4 255.255.255.255 201.66.37.253 UGH eth0
1.2.3.0 255.255.255.0 201.66.37.254 UG eth0
1.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 201.66.37.253 UG eth1
default 0.0.0.0 201.66.39.254 UG eth1 <\/p>\n

\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u91cd\u53e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u5730\u57401.2.3.4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u54111.2.3.4\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u6761\u8def\u7531\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173201.66.37.253\u3002\u539f\u5219\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u6709\u6700\u957f(\u6700\u7cbe\u786e)\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u53d1\u5f801.2.3.5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9009\u62e9\u7b2c\u6761\u8def\u7531\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u6761\u539f\u5219\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u95f4\u63a5\u8def\u7531(\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173)\u3002\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\uff08\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\uff09\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u63a5\u53e3 IP\u5730\u5740 \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801
eth0 201.66.37.1 255.255.255.0
eth1 201.66.37.2 255.255.255.0 <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91cd\u53e0\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5341\u5206\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7f3a\u7701\u8def\u7531\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u4e3a0.0.0.0\u3001\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a0.0.0.0\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8def\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u56de\u5934\u6765\u770b\u770bCIDR\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88256\u4e2aC\u7c7b\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4ece213.79.0.0\u5230213.79.255.0\u3002\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\u53ea\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u9879\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\uff1a213.79.0.0\uff0c\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a255.255.0.0\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff0c\u4ed6\u62e5\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740213.79.61.0\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5904\u53d6\u5f97\u65b0\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u6bcf\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6539\u53d8DNS\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u4fdd\u6301\u8def\u7531213.79.0.0(\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a255.255.0.0)\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5219\u5e7f\u64ad\u8def\u7531213.79.61.0(\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a255.255.255.0)\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65b0\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6765\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002 <\/p>\n

3\u3001\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531 <\/p>\n

\u56de\u5934\u770b\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4e86\u516d\u4e2a\u8868\u9879\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 \u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u5173 \u6807\u5fd7 \u63a5\u53e3
127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 UH lo0
201.66.37.0 255.255.255.0 201.66.37.74 U eth0
201.66.39.0 255.255.255.0 201.66.39.21 U eth1
default 0.0.0.0 201.66.39.254 UG eth1
73.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 201.66.37.254 UG eth0
91.32.74.21 255.255.255.255 201.66.37.254 UGH eth0 <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u9879\u5206\u522b\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u8868\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u7531\u8def\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u52a0\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u4e2a\u662f\u5f53\u7f51\u5361\u7ed1\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4e09\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u5728UNIX\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4route\u6765\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u7528\u6237\u624b\u5de5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7rc\u811a\u672c\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u662f\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u624b\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u8bdd\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u6539\u53d8\u3002 <\/p>\n

4\u3001\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae <\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u79f0\u4f5c\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u8def\u7531\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u9700\u8981\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8def\u7531\u8868\u9879\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u8868\u8fd8\u662f\u548c\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u4e00\u6837\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u589e\u6dfb\u548c\u5220\u9664\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u3002\u5185\u90e8\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u81ea\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf(AS)\u5185\u90e8\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u5916\u90e8\u534f\u8bae\u5219\u5728\u81ea\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u3002\u81ea\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ba1\u7406\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5927\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6216\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u5c0f\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u5176\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u81ea\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u8ba8\u8bba\u5185\u90e8\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u751a\u81f3\u542c\u8bf4\u5916\u90e8\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8baeEGP(External Gateway Protocol)\u548c\u8fb9\u7f18\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8baeBGP(Border Gateway Protocol)\uff0cBGP\u662f\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u5730\u53d6\u4ee3EGP\u3002 <\/p>\n

5\u3001ICMP\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411 <\/p>\n

ICMP\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u662fICMP\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5374\u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f88\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u7ed9\u7684\u516d\u4e2a\u8868\u9879\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u5206\u7ec4\u88ab\u9001\u5f80201.66.43.33\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7f3a\u7701\u8def\u7531\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u8def\u7531\u3002\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u5c06\u5176\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u7531\u5668201.66.39.254\u53d1\u9001(trip 1)\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u5411\u5b50\u7f51201.66.43.0\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7201.66.39.253\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668(trip 2)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u673a\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u5206\u7ec4\u53d1\u5230201.66.39.253\u5c31\u4f1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387(trip 3)\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u628a\u5206\u7ec4\u4ece\u540c\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3\u53d1\u56de\u4e86\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7ICMP\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6307\u793a\u4e3b\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8def\u7531\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u5411201.66.43.0\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7201.66.39.253\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u53d1\u9001\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684ICMP\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff08\u6b64\u4f8b\u4e2d\u662f201.66.43.33\uff09\u3002\u4e3b\u673a\u5c06\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8868\u9879\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u3000 <\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7684 \u63a9\u7801 \u7f51\u5173 \u6807\u5fd7 \u63a5\u53e3
201.66.43.33 255.255.255.255 201.66.39.253 UGHD eth1 <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\u6807\u5fd7D\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7531ICMP\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b64\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u5c06\u6765\u6b64\u7c7b\u5206\u7ec4\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u8def\u7531\u53d1\u9001(trip 3)\u3002 <\/p>\n

6\u3001RIP <\/p>\n

RIP\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u4e45\uff0c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08UNIX\u7684routed\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528RIP\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u8ddd\u79bb\u5411\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e24\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u8df3(hop)\u201d\u6570\uff0c\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u8df3\u3002\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884cRIP\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u53ea\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u4e0d\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u5173\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6bcf\u969430\u79d2\u5e7f\u64ad\u4e00\u6b21\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002RIP\u4f7f\u7528UDP\u901a\u8fc7\u7aef\u53e3520\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u5173\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u7f51\u5173\u95f4\u4f20\u9001\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u7531RIP\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u603b\u662f\u5177\u6709\u8ddd\u79bb\u76ee\u7684\u8df3\u6570\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u3002RIP\u7248\u672c1\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f97\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728RIP\u7248\u672c2\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ea0\u6b63\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e24\u79cd\u7248\u672c\u65f6\u7b80\u5355\u79f0\u4e3aRIP\uff0cRIP v1\u548cRIP v2\u5219\u6307\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002 <\/p>\n

RIP\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u94fe\u63a5\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u90fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f4e\u901f\u7684\u4e32\u884c\u94fe\u8def\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0e\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u5149\u7ea4\u94fe\u8def\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u3002RIP\u4ee5\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u8df3\u6570\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff1a <\/p>\n

100Mbps\u7684\u5149\u7ea4\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f10Mbps\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51
9600bps\u7684\u4e32\u884c\u94fe\u8def
RIP\u5c06\u9009\u62e9\u540e\u8005\u3002RIP\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u94fe\u8def\u6d41\u91cf\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e24\u6761\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u6d41\uff0cRIP\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u90a3\u6761\u94fe\u8def\u3002 <\/p>\n

RIP\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927hop\u6570\u662f15\uff0c\u5927\u4e8e15\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5230\u8fbe\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0chop\u6570\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc715\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528RIP\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002RIP v1\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u542b\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u786e\u5b9a\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0cRIP v2\u5219\u5f25\u8865\u4e86\u6b64\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002RIP\u6bcf\u969430\u79d2\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5927\u7f51\u4e2d\u65ad\u94fe\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u82b1\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u80fd\u4f20\u64ad\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u957f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u8def\u7531\u73af\u8def\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cRIP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u7248\u672c1\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5b83\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u9009\u62e9\u3002  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[center]\u8def\u7531\u5668\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ecb\u7ecd [\/center] \u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u5355\u7ebf\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5411 […]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4","category-4-id","post-seq-1","post-parity-odd","meta-position-corners","fix"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=69"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=69"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=69"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.icocean.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=69"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}